Kevin Patel, DMD

What is Gum Disease?

Gum disease, also known as periodontal disease, is caused by bacteria in plaque that if left untreated can cause irreversible bone loss. It is characterized by red, swollen and/or bleeding gums. Almost half of all adults in the US have some form of gum disease and periodontal disease is the leading cause of tooth loss. It is possible to have gum disease with no symptoms and no pain. The best way to prevent gum disease is through routine exams and cleanings. Treatment options for gum disease depend on the extent of the disease process.

 

Examination and Treatment Planning

A thorough examination (including x-rays) and consultation are necessary before the procedure to determine the patient's oral health along with the health of the gum and bone support. A comprehensive exam also includes a full periodontal exam which includes a visual examination of gums, measurement of gum pockets, checking for bleeding and pus, and tooth mobility.

 

Treatment for Gum Disease

Gingivitis Cleaning - When bleeding and inflammation is present, that is the first sign of gum disease and it is imperative to treat these early signs to prevent bone loss from occurring. A gingivitis cleaning removes calculus (tarter), plaque, stain and bacteria above and below the gumline. It takes more time and more in depth than a routine cleaning. After this treatment with routine cleanings and proper homecare gum tissue can return to a healthy state.

 

Scaling and Root Planing (Deep Cleaning) - When chronic gum disease is left untreated the bacteria accumulation contributes to bone loss which is the foundation of tooth support. Scaling and Root Planing (SRP) cleaning removes calculus, plaque, stain and bacteria from tooth and root surfaces below the gumline. Local anesthetic is placed to provide comfort to the patient. After this treatment it is highly recommended for periodontal maintenance cleanings to occur every 3-4 months. 

 

It is imperative to understand that bone loss in the mouth is irreversible and bone cannot be regenerated. Patients who have been diagnosed with periodontal disease and have been treated with SRP (Scaling and Root Planing) or deep cleanings the subsequent cleanings are called “periodontal maintenance”. They provide the purpose to maintain the gum and bone support and prevent a progression of periodontal disease. Understanding the difference between periodontal maintenance cleanings vs “regular” cleanings is crucial for maintaining oral health.